Type-writing machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet; 1.

B. A. BROOKS. TYPE WRITING'MAGHINE.

No. 461,865. Patented Oct. 27, 1891.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet v2.

B. A. BnoeKs.

TYPE WRITING MAGHINB.

No. 461,865. Patented Oct. 27, 18-91.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

B. A. BROOKS. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

N0.'461,866. Patented Oct. 2'7, 1891.

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ilnirnn *ra'rns BYRON A. BROOKS, OF BROOKLYN, NEXV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE PHILA- DELPHIA TYPElVRITER COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TYPE-WRITING .MAC HINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 461,865, dated October 27, 18 91.

Application filed March 5,1887. Serial No. 229,758. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: right-hand revolution. Attached to the shaft Be it known that l, BYRON A. BROOKS, a Zis a projection [13, bent downward at its end citizen of the United States, residing in Brookand standing between the projectionst' i when lyn, in the county of Kings and State of New the barsfand f are in the initial position, 5 York, have invented certain new and useful as illustrated at Fig. at. The pinion-wheelsj Improvements in Type-\Vriting Machines, of are attached to shaft Z, (see Fig. 1,) as is also which the'following is a description in such the rod fashioned into the projection 70. Infull, clear, concise, and exact terms as will enstead of employing a single pinionj, I prefer able any one skilled in the art or science to to employ two pinions, as clearly illustrated IO which my invention relates to make and use in Fig. 1, both attached to the sauce shaft the same, reference being bad to the accompaand one set above the other, one of said pinnying drawings, making part of this specifiions being in gear with the arm f and the cation,and to the letters and figures of referother with the arm f, and the gear so cut ence marked thereon, similar letters and fig-' that when one of said arms is thrown for- 15 ures of reference indicating corresponding ward and in gear with its fellow pinion the parts in all of said drawings. gear-teeth on the other arm will stand oppo- My invention relates to that class of masite the uncut periphery of its fellow wheel, chines known as wheel type-writers, and and hence be locked against being thrown especiallyto such machineswhereinthe power forward. The shaft Z is set at its bottom 2o employed to revolve said wheel and print the end in an anti-friction socket and is cartype is derived from thepower applied by the ried through the sleeve m to support and operator in depressing the finger-keys; and steady it. Attached to the shaft Z near its my invention consists in certain novel parts bottom end is a cog-wheel n, meshinginto the and combination of parts constituting such teeth of apivoted cog-segment o, carryingthe 25 an improved machine, and hereinafter fully rod 1). The upper end of the shaft Z passes set forth. through the type-wheel q, carrying the type t Figure 1 illustrates a side View of my imin a plurality of rows upon its periphery. proved machine, partly in section; Fig. 2, a The type-wheel fits snugly on the shaft Z, but top view of the same; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6, and is free to move longitudinally thereon. It is o 7 detail parts thereof, Figs. 6 and 7 being, recaused to move synchronously therewith by spectively, top and side views of the same means of the cross-tree r and pins 8, which device. pierce its cap.

Referring to Fig.1 of the annexed drawa is a cylindrical shell surrounding the ings, Z) is a finger-key attached to a key-lover type-wheel to protect it from injury. At its 35 a, provided in its lower side with a projection rear side it is cut away to expose the types 0, extending downward, and a tongue (P. This which are brought to the printing-point to the key-lever is pivoted at 2' and thence extends opposing surface of the paper v to receive upward, as shown in the drawings. their imprint. Surrounding the shaft Z and Referring to Fig. 4,fand f are arms pivabutting above against the cross-tree r and 0 40 oted at g and fashioned at the opposite ends below upon the wheel q is a spring 20, which into arcs cut with the gear-teeth h and proholds the wheel down upon the anti-frictionvided with projections 2'. The upper ends e 'roller stop a;. This stop is carried and its poof the several key-levers are arranged in a sition determined by the pivoted rod y, which row behind said barsfand f, and when the is operated by the forked rods. The key-le- 45 several keys are depressed cause said bars to vers a and I) each have laterally-projecting travel forward. j j are wheels, of which a pins traveling, when said key-levers are deportion of the periphery is cut in gear-teeth, pressed, in the path of the flukes in the fork corresponding to the teeth on said bars ff, z, and, owing to the peculiar form of said so that as the bar f or f is thrown forward dukes (clearly shown in Fig. 1) as one or the 5 the wheels j or j are caused to revolve and other of said key-levers is depressed, elevate the shaft Z turned with either a left-hand or the stop a: to a greater or less extentto bringeither the bottom or the middle rows of types on the type-wheelopposite the printing-point.

At either end of the machine an arm 0' is pivoted on a rode. By means of the springs f these arms are pressed forward and held in the position illustrated in Fig.1. A rod (1, planed flat on one side, is attached to and extends between said arms on a level with the printing-point on the type-wheel. Against this rod the paper 1) rests. A bent lever g, pivoted on the rod 6, extends forward under the key-levers and is attached to a rod h, which extends the entire width of the machine immediately under all the tongues 61 on the several key-levers. The tongues (Pare fashioned, as shown, so as to be readily bent up or down to regulate the throw of the bent lever g when a key-lever is depressed. At theopposite end of said bent lever a pivoted hood j is set, said hood being providedwith a spring to throw it back against the stoppin carried by said lever g. This hood, in combination with the bar 2, forms a trip device. The trip-bar 2 is attached to the carriage and extends the entire length of said carriage, while the bar g, carrying the tripping-hood j", remains stationary.

m is a rack of ordinary construction, into the teeth of which a fast and loose dog alternately engage in the ordinary manner. These dogs are attached to the vibrating bent lever g.

p is a handle forlifting the rack out of connection with the said dogs when it is desired to move the platen to the right or the left without operating any other part of the machine. The platen is fed forward by the spring-drum and c rd g, which will be read ily understood without further description.

Attached to the rod h under the key-levers is a jointed rod 1*, which operates the inkingribbon. A rod to, attached to said rod 0", is provided with dogs 25', (see Fig. 3,) which make connection with the ratchet teeth on the wheels, attached to one of the inking-ribbon spools. A sliding bar u carries one of said dogs 25 at each end, and as the bar is slid one way or the other one or the other of said dogs is brought in connection with the ratchetteeth on the wheel attached to one of the ink-- ing-ribbon. spools. A collar '11 is provided to hold the bar in a desired position. This collar is removable, and when it is desired to shift the rock-shaft a longitudinally this collar is removed. The shaft is then shifted and the collar put in place at the opposite end of the shaft to hold it in its new position.

Attached to one of the paper-feeding rollers w is a ratchet-wheel so, into which the dog y meshes, said dog being provided with a handle a, by which it is drawn forward to feed the paper and space between the lines. Attached to this same handle is ahooked arm a", which,when the handle is drawn forward, raises the rack m out of connection with the dogs 71. 0.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

lVhen a key Z) is depressed, the gear arm or barf orf', behind which it stands, is thrown forward, and the stop 2' is drawn out of the path of revolution of the hook-lock It just be-- fore the teeth on the rack 72 comes in contact with its corresponding tooth segment attached to the shaft Z. The said shaft is thus caused to revolve, and with it the type-wheel, to bring the proper letter to the printingpoint. At the same time the projection c on the key-lever has been pressed down into the path of the oscillating arm 19, which is attached to the shaft Z by cog-gearing, and the parts are so proportioned that the arm 19 will come in contact with the stop 0 when the required type is opposite the printing-point, and thus arresting the revolution of the typewheel at the proper time. The same is true of each of the key-levers h. hen the. finger-key is released, the spring 0 draws the armf orf back until the hook it strikes the projection 2' on the other bar, when it is locked in position, as shown in Fig. 4.

It is to be here observed that after each type is printed the type-wheel is brought back to an initial position, and that the wheel to print any type on its periphery makes no more than one-half revolutionthat is to say, the wheel turns to the right to bring the types on that-half to the printing-point and to the left to bring the types on that half to the printing-point. This is true of each of the several rows of type carried by the type-wheel. The types most used occupy the positions nearest to the initial point on either side and increase in distance from said point as they are less frequently used. The key-levers are arranged in the same order, those operating the types nearest the initial point being nearest the central transverse line on the keyboard and increasing in distance from said central line as their respective types are farther away from the initial point on the typewheel. Since the bars f and f are pivoted at the outside frames of the machine, it will be seen that said bars, when actuated by the depression of the several type-keys, are moved forward a greater or less extent, depending .upon the position of the key struck in the key-hoard, the nearer the key being to said central line the smaller being the are through which the bars move. Thus the force applied to move the barsfand f is, by the construction of the machine, regulated so as to exactly bring the desired type to the printing point. To more accurately insure the accomplishment of this and to prevent the momentum of the type-wheel carrying the type beyond the printing-point, the device it 0 p is added to the combination already described. In view of the corresponding arrangement of the type upon the type-wheel and the keys upon the key-board, already described, it will be seen that the rod 1) strikes against the stop 0, projected in its path just as the corresponding type reaches the printing-point. If properly adjusted and constructed, the rod 19 will.

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strike said stop with scarcely perceptible force,because the type-wheel should be made of some very light although strong material, and hence have little momentum. I prefer to construct it of a shell of gutta-percha.

()n the type-wheel one row contains all the small letters, another row the corresponding capitalsin similar positions, and hence operated by the same keys, respectively, and the third row figures, punctuationmarks, and other symbols. To print the types in the middle row (that containing the capitals) the key a is to be depressed'before striking the letter-key. To print figures, the key I) is to be first depressed. These keys both operate the stop so by the intervening mechanism 5 y to raise the type-wheel to the second or third position,where it is then operated by the key I), as before described. I have described by what means the printing-type is brought to the printing point opposite to and facing the rod d. I will now explain the manner in which the type is impressed upon the paper. I

When one of' the key-levers Z) is depressed, as above described, the tongue (1 throws the rod h down and presses the front end of the llOOL'lj' against the lower end of the curved bars 0, carrying the platen-rod d and throwin g said rod back from the position illustrated in Fig. 1. This motion continues until the point of the hood j slips under the lower end of the rod 0' or trips, when the spring f" throws the platen-rod forward, impressing the paper against the type with a sharp blow. The spring g" then returns the rod g to its original position, the hood nodding under the lower end of the rode as it returns and assuming its original position under the influence of the spring it. To insure the sudden and uniform tripping of said hood, I prefer to employ a stop I, striking against the lower end of the hood as it travels forward,and thus causing it to trip even if it has not pushed the lower end of the rod 0' out of its path.

The operation of moving the paper-carriage forward to space between letters may be thus described: A spring-drum q" is attached to the paper-carriage by means of a cord constantly tending to draw the carriage forward. The oscillating motion of the rod it, caused by depressing a key I), vibrates the fast and loose dogs n 0' through the teeth of the rack m, attached to said paper-carri'agein a manner now well known in the art, and feeds the carriage forward. The feeding of the inkingribbon is accomplished through the agency of the rod '1' 0", dogs t, and ratchet-whee ie", said rod r 1* being attached to the rod h, as al.- read y described. operator draws toward him the handle 5', Fig. 5, which, by means of the dog y, revolves the ratchetavheel :0, connected to one or both of the paper-feeding rolls to, which carry the paper forward the required space. At the same time the hook ct, attached to said handle z, raises the rack m out of connection To space between lines, the

with its do s 77, 0 and Jermits the a er-carriage to be drawn back to begin a new line.

Figs. (3 and 7 illustrate a modification of the device shown in Fig. 4, dispensing with the hook 7c and stops "i i. In these figures the cog-wheelsj are not shown. In front of each of the arms fand f an arm 7c" (both attached to a common rock-sh aft Z") is placed. The rock-shaft Z" carries a pointer m", resting upon an eccentric-disk it", against which the spring 0 causes it constantly to bear. Then the arm forf is thrown forward by the action of the key-levers, the rod is pressed forward, causing the pointer m to lift out of the notch on the periphery of the disk n" at its smallest radius, where it has been resting, and permitting said disk attached to the shaft Z to revolve as the printing-type is brought to the printing-point. turns to its normal position the pointer m is released, falling against the periphery of the disk n, which it follows until it drops into the notch before described, thus insuring the return of the type-wheel after each printing action to the normal position and looking it there. It is also to be observed that the pressure of the pointer m" against the periphery of the eccentric-disk n" exerts a force independentof the spring 0 to revolve the type-wheel all the way back to its normal position, and that this influence continues, therefore, after the gear-segments h have passed out of connection with the gearwheels j.

It will of course .be understood that my invention is not limited to the precise devices and combinations of devices herein described, illustrated, and claimed, as equivalent devices and combinations may be employed without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the concluding claims.

I do not claim the combination, in a typewriting machine, of the fixed wheel, the ratchet, the transverse bar, the levers, and the type-wheel geared to the shaft.

I do not claim the combination, in a type- -writer, of the fixed wheel, the ratchet, the

transverse bar, the levers, and the type-wheel geared to the shaft, substantially as shown and described in the patent of John H. Forrest, No. 438,617; nor'do I claim the combi nation of two rows of actuating-keys, two sets of transmitting-lever mechanisms, each operated by the keys of one row, a type wheel shaft, a type-Wheel supported on said shaft, toothed segments oscillated by said lever mechanisms, mutilated pinions on the typewheel shaft, and radial stop-arms secured to said shaft, said arms engaging stops on the segments, so as to lock the type-wheel shaft in a normal position, substantially as described in the patent of Aloys Wirsching, No. 422,276; nor do I claim the combination, ina type-writing machine, of the pivoted impression-rod frame provided with a notched bar, with a pivoted pawl adapted to engage with said notched bar, means, substantially as de- As the armf or f rescribed, for actuating said pawl, and adjustable stops adapted to cause the disengagement of said pawl from said notched bar, substantially as described and claimed in an application of George B. Vebb, as I am not the inventor thereof.

Having described my invention, I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, the followmg:

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of gear-arms, a type-Wheel shaft, a pinion carried by said shaft, said arms being brought independently in gear with said pinion to rolate said typeheel in either direction from a fixed point and subsequently to return said type-wheel to its initial point, substantially as described.

2. In a type-Writing machine, a pinion on the shaft of a type-Wheel and a plurality of gear-arms which are out of gear with said pinion when at rest, combined with a device, substantially as described, for holding the type-Wheclin itsinitial position, substantially as described.

3. In a type-writing machine, a type-wheel,

gear-arms, and a series of key-levers, each lever provided with two projections, one for actuating said type-Wheel and the other for arresting its motion, combined with intervening mechanism, substantially as described, for stopping said type-Wheel by saidarresting projections;

4. In a type-Writing machine, key-levers provided with two projections, one for actuating the type-wheel and the other for arresting it, combined with a plurality of geararms brought independentlyin gearwith the shaft carrying said type-Wheel, and a vibrating arm also in gear with said shaft, substantially as described.

5. In a type-writing-machine, the combination of key-levers, a type-Wheel shaft, a vibrating arm attached by intermediate gearing to said shaft, and a plurality of gear-arms normally out of gear with a pinion on said shaft, each of said key-levers being provided with two projections, one for operating said gear-arms and one for arresting the motion of said vibrating arm, substantially as described.

6. In a type-Writing machine, a series of key-levers, each provided With two projections, one for actuating the type-wheel and one for arresting its motion, combined with gear-arms and with a vibrating arm attached by intermediate gearing to a pinion on the shaft of said type-wheel, substantially as described.

7. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a traveling paper-carriage, a trip-bar attached thereto, and means, substantially as described, for operating said trip-bar.

8. In a type-Writing machine, a traveling paper-carriage, feed-rolls thereon, a platenbar pivotally attached to the carriage, means for retracting said bar, and a trip-bar for releasing it, whereby the paper is struck sharply against the printing-type, substantially as described.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a traveling paper-carriage, a bar for striking the'paper against the face of the printing-type, a trip-bar attached to the carriage, and means, substantially as described, for operating the same.

10. In a type-writing machine, a paper-car-- riage, a trip-bar, and a bar for pressing the paper against the face of the printing-type, both attached to the paper-carriage, combined with a universal bar extending beneath all the key-levers and connecting mechanism, substantially as described.

11. In a type-writing machine, key-levers, a type-wheel shaft, a mutilated pinion on said shaft, and a plurality of independent geararms adapted to engage said pinion singly, each of said key-levers being provided With a projection for operating one of said geararms to rotate said type-Wheel shaft, the mutilated portion of said pinion at such time being opposite to and out of engagement with the other gear-arm, substantially as described.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination of paper-feed rolls, a traveling trip-bar attached to the paper-carriage, and a stationary tripping device operating said trip-bar,

. substantially as described.

13. In a type-writing machine, the combina tion of a trip -hood and a spacing-dog, both connected to and operated by a vibrating bar extending beneath all the keylevers, substantially as described.

1a. In a type-writing machine, key1evers, a type-Wheel shaft, a vibrating arm attached by intermediate gearing to said shaft, and a plurality of gear-arms normally out of gear with a pinion on said shaft, each of said keylevers being provided with two projections, one for operating said gear-arms and one for arresting the motion of said vibrating arm, combined With locking mechanism, substantially as described.

BYRON A. BROOKS. \Vitnesses:

J. EDGAR BULL, ROBERT BARTLETT.

ICC

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